QTP INTERVIEW QUESTIONS

  QTP Interview Questions

    Full form of QTP ?

Quick Test Professional

    What's the QTP ?

QTP is HP Functional Testing Tool

   Which scripting language used by QTP ?

QTP uses VB scripting.

   What's the basic concept of QTP ?

QTP is based on two concept

• Recording
• Playback

   How many types of recording facility are available in QTP ?

QTP provides three types of recording methods

•  Context Recording (Normal)
•  Analog Recording
•  Low Level Recording

   How many types of Parameters are available in QTP ?

QTP provides three types of Parameter

• Method Argument
• Data Driven
• Dynamic

   What's the QTP testing process ?

QTP testing process consist of seven steps-

• Preparing to recoding
• Recording
• Enhancing your script
• Debugging
• Run
• Analyze
• Report Defects

   What's the Active Screen ?

It provides the snapshots of your application as it appeared when you performed a certain steps during recording session.

   What's the Test Pane ?

Test Pane contains Tree View and Expert View tabs.

   What's Data Table ?

It assists to you about parameterizing the test.

  What's the Test Tree ?

It provides graphical representation of your operations which you have performed with your application.

  Which all environment QTP supports ?

• ERP/ CRM
• Java/ J2EE
• VB, .NET
• Multimedia, XML
• Web Objects, ActiveX controls
• SAP, Oracle, Siebel, People Soft
• Web Services, Terminal Emulator
• IE, NN, AOL

   How can you view the Test Tree ?

The Test Tree is displayed through Tree View tab.

   What's the Expert View ?

Expert View display the Test Script.

   Which keyword used for Normal Recording ?

F3

   Which keyword used for run the test script ?

F5

   Which keyword used for stop the recording ?

F4

   Which keyword used for Analog Recording ?

Ctrl+Shift+F4

   Which keyword used for Low Level Recording ?

Ctrl+Shift+F3

   Which keyword used for switch between Tree View and Expert View ?

Ctrl+Tab

   What's the Transaction ?

You can measure how long it takes to run a section of your test by defining transactions.

   Where you can view the results of the checkpoint ?

You can view the results of the checkpoints in the Test Result Window.

   What's the Standard Checkpoint ?

Standard Checkpoints checks the property value of an object in your application or web page.

   Which environment are supported by Standard Checkpoint ?

Standard Checkpoint are supported for all add-in environments.

   What's the Image Checkpoint ?

Image Checkpoint check the value of an image in your application or web page.

   Which environments are supported by Image Checkpoint ?

Image Checkpoint are supported only Web environment.

   What's the Bitmap Checkpoint ?

Bitmap Checkpoint checks the bitmap images in your web page or application.

   Which environment are supported by Bitmap Checkpoints ?

Bitmap checkpoints are supported all add-in environment.

   What's the Table Checkpoints ?

Table Checkpoint checks the information with in a table.

   Which environments are supported by Table Checkpoint ?

Table Checkpoints are supported only ActiveX environment.

   What's the Text Checkpoint ?

Text Checkpoint checks that a test string is displayed in the appropriate place in your application or on web page.

   Which environment are supported by Test Checkpoint ?

Text Checkpoint are supported all add-in environments

   What are the Run modes in QTP ?

There are 2 run modes in QTP

Normal : It shows the execution of your QTP script step by step. This works good in case of debugging your script. 

Fast Run : It will not show the execution line by line.

   What are the Debugging modes used in QTP ?

• Different Debugging modes used in QTP are

• Step Into : To run only the current line of the active test or component.

• Step Out : Runs to the end of the called action or user-defined function, then returns to the calling action and pauses the run session.

• Step Over : to run only the current step in the active test or component. When the current step calls another action or a user-defined function,the called action or function is executed entirety, but the called action script is not displayed in the Quick Test window.

   What are the draw backs of QTP ?

Disadvantages are

• QTP takes very long to open huge tests. Also CPU utilization becomes 100% in that case.
• QTP scripts are heavy as it stores all the html files (for active screen) as well.
• Block commenting is not provided till 8.2 version.

   What are the extension of file..........

Per test object repository : filename.mtr (Mercury Test Repository)

• Shared Object repository : filename.tsr (Test Shared Repository)
• User Defined Library File : filename .vbs
• Test Batch Runner File : filename .mtb
• QTP Recovery Scenarion File : filename .qrs

   What are two types of automation in QTP ?

There are 2 types of automation

• Recording or generating the script and playing back using Repository
• Another one is Descriptive method.

   Can we do more than capture / payback in QTP ?

Yes we can do. That is scripting we can write script which is more effective

   What is Descriptive programming ?

With out mentioning the description in Object repository, we can directly mention the description in Test script is known as descriptive programming

   What is Object repository ?

• Object repository in qtp is like a storage place where it stores the properties of all the objects when we record the script and later when we execute the script QTP checks that the objects in the application match the objects in the object repository and executes it, if both the objects matches the test will pass, if it cannot identify the object or there is a mismatch the script will fail.

• Object repository is same as GUI map in win runner where we have to make the tool capture the properties of object where as in QTP object repository automatically does that for us.

   What are types of Object repository (OR)? 

Two Types

• Per-action
• Shared

   Tell about Per-action repository modes

• In this, for each action a separate object repository file is created. So object1 in Action1 is different from the same object1 in Action2

• This mode is most useful, when the object does not change frequently and a few actions are associated with the test. If the object changes in the application, then we need to change each of the object repository.

   Tell about Shared object repository modes

In this, common object repository file can be used for multiple actions and multiple tests. So Object1 is action1 is same for Action2, because all the objects are saved at one place. Here if the object changes, then we need to update a single object repository file.

   What are the Advantage & Disadvantages Per-action repository ?

Advantage

• As you record operations on objects in your application, Quick Test automatically stores the information about those objects in the appropriate action object repository.

• When you save your test, all of the action object repositories are automatically saved with the test as part of each action within the test. The action object repository is not accessible as a separate file (as is the shared object repository).

Disadvantages

• Modifying the test object properties, values, or names in one object repository does not affect the information stored for the same test object in another object repository or in other tests - Time Consuming

• If you add objects to one of the split actions, the new objects are added only to the corresponding action object repository.

   What are the Advantage & Disadvantage Shared object repository ?

Advantage

• Only one instance of the object in the repository so reduce the repetitions
• one time change to the object properties would bring change in every script using the object

Disadvantage

• Complexity increase as objects of all the action are in the same repository

   What is Check points ?

A checkpoint verifies that expected information is displayed in an Application while the test is running. Checkpoints are used to compare actual and expected results.

   How many Check points are there in QTP ?

They are 4 types of checkpoints

• GUI Check point
• Bitmap Checkpoint
• Database Checkpoint
• Test Checkpoint

   What is the use of Check points ?

The Check points is useful to get the point in time from where to begin the recovery in case of failure.

   Can we change the name of the Check points ?

No, QTP is do not allow to change the name of Check point, because these class names are internally built. But in version 9 (just released) it is possible to change not in previous versions

   What is Transaction ?

A Transaction is a logical unit of work that comprises one or more SQL statements executed by a single user. or It is a group of statements between two commits

   What is use of Step Generator ?

Step Generator is used to insert a statement(function ro method) of a particular object which is available in the Object Repository

   What is Source Control ?

• The practice of tracking changes made to code is called Source Control.

• Familiar Source control Tools are CVS, VSS, Clear Case etc

   What is Batch testing ?

• Group of tests executing sequentially one by one is called Batch Testing. Every test Batch consists of multiple dependent test cases. In those batches every end state is base state to next case. Test batch is also known as Test suit or Test belt.

• Generally Test engineers are executing test programs as a batches because "End state of one test is base state to another test".

• The result of one Script failure or pass , fails or passes the whole batch test.

   What will you when Object is not identified by the Object Repository ?

Use Smart identification.

   What is Smart identification ?

Smart Identification is used by QTP, whenever it is unable to identify any object during run time. While identifying an object, QTP tries to match the mandatory properties first, if it couldn't find the object, then it adds assistive properties one by one to identify the object correctly. This operation is done by smart identifier and it is displayed in the results section along with one warning message. It's generally used to identify Web elements only.

  What is Environment variable ?

Environment variable is variable which is global through the testing.

   What is the types of Environment variable ?

There are 3 types of environmental variables

• User-Defined Internal
• User-Defined External
• Built-In

   What are Exception in QTP ?

The four exceptions are

• Pop exception
• Object state
• Test run error
• Application crash

   Can We use Test Director with QTP ?

Yes. We cant use Test Director 7.2 with QTP 8.2. Because QTP 8.2 supports QC (Quality Center). We can use QTP 8.2 with Test director 8.0.

   What are Action ?

There are 3 types of Actions available in QTP.

• Non-reusable
• Reusable
• External Actions

   What is Framework ?

A framework is nothing but a folder structure . It contains all the components that are using in Automation Architecture. Here components means Object Repository, Library, Logs, Test Data, Script, Result etc

   What is Compiled modules ?

In qtp the compiled modules are called library files.

   What is Automation Framework ?

Automation frame work is nothing but a set of rules defined for developing and organizing the test scripts or it is a process to develop the automation scripts and reduce maintenance. This framework completely depends on the application, types of testing and tools that you are using. Its hard to provide generalized framework for all applications:

   In how many ways we can Parameterize our test ?

we can parametrize our tests in 4 ways.

• Test or component parameter
• Data Table parameter
• Environmental variable parameter
• Random number parameter

   What are types of Table ?

• Types of tables are
• Run time data table
• Design time data table